Indonesia ranks as the fifth-largest exporter of carbon emissions globally, according to Climate Action Tracker. Carbon emissions from exports refer to the greenhouse gases released from fossil fuels produced and shipped abroad. While the Paris Agreement does not require countries to report these emissions, Climate Action Tracker analyzed the impact of fossil fuel exports from major exporters using 2022 data from the International Energy Agency. Russia leads as the largest exporter of carbon emissions, with 2,024.98 megatons of CO2 equivalent, while the United States ranks second for emissions exports at 2,011.01 megatons, although it has the highest domestic emissions. Indonesia ranks third for domestic emissions at 1,155.11 megatons and fifth for emissions exports at 1,064.40 megatons, largely driven by coal mining and exports, with 494 million tons of coal shipped in 2022.
The report also shows that emissions from fossil fuel exports in some countries exceed their domestic emissions. For example, Australia exported over 1,210 megatons of CO2 equivalent, more than double its domestic emissions. Similarly, Norway's exports of 555.69 megatons of CO2 were far higher than its domestic emissions of just 48.28 megatons. During the G20 Summit, President Prabowo Subianto highlighted Indonesia’s commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, supported by a shift to renewable energy and a plan to phase out fossil fuel power plants within 15 years. He also called for greater involvement from developed countries in carbon trading, emphasizing Indonesia's vital role in absorbing carbon through its vast tropical forests.
