One key reason for moving the capital to Nusantara (IKN) is to promote inclusive and equitable economic growth, especially in eastern Indonesia. Since the start of IKN’s development in 2022, East Kalimantan (Kaltim) has already experienced significant economic changes. Budi Widihartanto, Head of Bank Indonesia's Kaltim Representative Office, highlighted three major economic transformations from 2022 to 2024: changes in economic structure, increased economic activity and regional revenue, and massive infrastructure development. Kaltim's economic structure has shifted, with a reduced contribution from the mining sector to the regional GDP (PDRB) and an increased contribution from other sectors, particularly construction. According to the Central Statistics Agency, in the first quarter of 2024, mining contributed 39.57% to Kaltim's PDRB, down from 42.86% in 2021, 46.40% in 2022, and 50.29% in 2023. In contrast, construction's contribution rose to 11.46% in the first quarter of 2024, up from 9.35% in 2021, 8.73% in 2022, and 8.74% in 2023.
On the expenditure side, components other than exports strengthened, notably government consumption for goods and services supporting IKN, and gross fixed capital formation (PMTB) or investment. Government consumption contributed 3.20% to Kaltim's PDRB in the first quarter of 2024, up from 2.60% in 2021, 2.38% in 2022, and 2.50% in 2023. PMTB contributed 34.84% in the first quarter of 2024, increasing from 31.16% in 2021, 29.31% in 2022, and 28.11% in 2023. Economic activities, including those of SMEs, have increased with greater public mobility and government consumption. Kaltim's trade sector grew by 6.85% in 2023, the highest since the Covid-19 pandemic, while government consumption grew by 36.40%, also a post-pandemic high. The IKN development has boosted regional revenue and infrastructure construction. According to BPKAD Kaltim data, regional revenue in 2024 is projected at IDR 20 trillion, up from IDR 14.6 trillion in 2023. Infrastructure projects in IKN and surrounding areas are progressing rapidly, including water resources, roads and bridges, the KIPP area, and housing. By 26 June 2024, Bank Indonesia emphasizes that the IKN development significantly enhances Kaltim's economy through structural changes, increased economic activity, and extensive infrastructure development.
Source: https://voi.id/ekonomi/400573/bank-indonesia-paparkan-3-dampak-pembangunan-ikn-pada-ekonomi
